Lesson+43,+44+&+45

**﻿Advancememt in Physics @ Dwight Englewood** **Director: Elise Burns** **TA: Sebastian Luhol**

An electron travels through the //circuit// bumping into other atoms of wire = an alteration in the path slowing the flow of charge. There is energy lost and the electric potential is decreased while it goes through the external circuit. The electric energy supplied by the electrochemical cells all become used up in the external circuit.

Resistance is the hindrance to the flow of charge. The total length of the wire affects the resistance. When the wire is longer = more resistance. There is a //direct relationship// between the amount of resistance encountered by charge and the length of wire it must //traverse.// But to have a collision in a long wire because resistance occurs as a result of a collision between the charge carriers and the atoms of the wire.

A wider wire = flow that would be at a high rate. A wider wire will have less resistance. Therefore, charge will flow at higher rates through wider wires.

Materials like gold are good conductors and give off less resistance to the flow of charge. To know the conductivity ability, it is indicated by the resistivity. The resistivity depends on the material's electronic structure and its temperature.

Ohms law = Voltage (or potential difference) = current ( or resistance) V = IR.




   For equivalent distance for a series circuit, you just add up all of the numbers. V= IR I=Vbatt/r1 +r2 --> THE SAME <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">R= add up together <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">P= IV <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">For equivalent distance for a parallel circuit, you must do inverse of the fractions. <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">V= given! same <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">I= V/R <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">R= fractions- do inverse <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">P= IV <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Parallel and series curcuits <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;"> <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;"> <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**Important:**__ <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Circuit diagrams: **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Electric charge **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Same charges, opposite charges attract
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Can only be transferred
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Whether an object has extra electrons and protons giving it energy
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A property of matter that allows it to experience an electric force when near other charged particles. An imbalance in number of protons and electricity’s
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Electric force **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Interaction between 2 or more objects
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Charged objects can effect neutral objects too
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Depends upon polarity-polarized creating a charged objects
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The interaction between 2 charged particles, either repulsive or attractive
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Electric field **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Regions of space in which another charged object experiences an another force. //Directly proportional// to the size of the source & //inversely proportional// to the distance
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Regions of space where a charge will experience a force from another charge


 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">4. 4 methods of charging a neutral object **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">induction
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">conduction
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">friction
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">polarizing