Lesson+37+&+38

**﻿Advancememt in Physics @ Dwight Englewood** **Director: Elise Burns** **TA: Sebastian Luhol**

mooooooooooore refraction .. Converging lens is a lens that converges rays of light that are traveling parallel to its principal axis. You can tell when a lens is converging because they are thick across the middle and thin at the upper and lower edges. Diverging lens is a lens that diverges rays of light that travel parallel to its principle axis. They are thin across the middle and thick at the upper and lower edges. A double convex lens is symmetrical across both its horizontal and vertical axis because of the thicker middle, converge rays of light travel parallel to its principal axis. Double concave lens is symmetrical across its horizontal and vertical axis. The concave lens is thinner at the middle, it will diverge rays of light that travel parallel to its principal axis.
 * 1. Converging & Diverging Lens **
 * 2. Double Convex & Concave Lenses **

There are 3 rules for a converging lens: __a.__any incident ray traveling parallel to the principal axis of a converging lens will refract through the lens and travel through the focal point on the opposite side of the lens
 * 3. Converging Lenses & Characteristics **

__b.__ any incident ray traveling through the focal point on the way to the lens, will refract through the lens and travel parallel to the principal axis __c.__ an incident ray that passes through the center of the lens will continue in the same direction when it entered the lens
 * the object is located //beyond// the 2F point
 * Inverted
 * Reduced
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">real
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">the object is located //at// the 2F point
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">equal in size
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">real
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">the object is located //between// the 2F point and the focal point
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">enlarged
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">real
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">the object is located //at// the focal point
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">NO IMAGE
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">the object is located **in front of** the focal point
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Upright
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Enlarged
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Virtual

<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">There are 3 rules for a convex lens. First, any incident ray traveling parallel to the principal axis of a diverging lens will refract through the lens and travel in line with the focal point. Second, any incident ray traveling towards the focal point on the way to the lens will refract through the lens and travel parallel to the principal axis. Last, an incident ray that passes through the center of the lens will continue in the same direction that it had when it entered the lens.
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Convex Lens Rules & Image characteristics **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">located on the object' side of the lens
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">a virtual image
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">an upright image
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">reduced in size

<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The //retina// is a location that is always the same distance away from the cornea <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The results of the height of the image, distance of image, and distance of object concern 2 main topics about the ability of the eye: <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__a.__ the distance between the observer and the object will greatly influence the image size and quality <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__b.__ The closer you are to an image, the bigger you think it is <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__c.__ The farther away, the smaller image but finer details are lost <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__d.__ The varying distance between the observer and the object pose some problems for the human eye <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__e.__ To see far away, you use the cornea lens which changes the focal length
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The Eye **