Lesson+33+&+34

**Director: Elise Burns** **TA: Sebastian Luhol**
 * **﻿Advancememt in Physics @ Dwight Englewood**


 * Key Info To Know / Definitions etc. **
 * 1. Luminous and illuminous objects **
 * Luminous objects make their own light
 * Illuminated objects that reflect light to our eyes
 * If we didn’t have luminous objects, the illuminated objects would not be seen
 * When the sun disappears, and it starts to become dark, it shows the illuminated objects harder to see and appear black
 * 2. Line of sight **
 * The line of sight is when you want to view an object, you must look at the line of the object
 * When you look at the line of the object, and you find the line of the object and light will come from that object to your eye and you will be able to see along the line of sight
 * 3. Ray of light **
 * The ray of light is known as an incident ray
 *  If the incident ray is reflected off of a mirror, that is known as the reflected ray
 * This shows that the object distance = image distance
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">This relates to the law of reflection because the angle of incidence = the angle of reflection




 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">4. Specular vs diffuse **
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Specular reflection is when a reflection is reflected off of a smooth surface like a mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Diffuse reflection is when there is a reflection off of rough surfaces such as clothes or asphalt roadways
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">For example, and bumpy asphalt surface is better to drive on at night then a specular reflection road that has a lot of reflections off of the smooth surface on the ground
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">5. Finding an image **
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">You can find the image location when observers are viewing the position of the object.
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">When you find the image location, it is the image behind the mirror where all the light diverges from
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">6. Characteristics of images **
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A virtual image is an image where light does not actually reach
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A real image is displayed through a curved mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">When you look in the mirror and you raise your left hand, your right shows up
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">That is known as a left right reversal
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The image is upright and isn’t inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">To determine where the image is seen, you make a ray diagram
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">A ray diagram shows the path that light takes in order to view a point on the image of the object

<span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**7. Curved mirror**
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;"> Principle axis- a line passing through the center of the mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Center of curvature- the point in the center of a sphere from which the mirror was sliced
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Vertex- the point where the principle axis meets the mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Focal point- midway between the vertex and the center of curvature
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Radius of curvature- distance from the vertex to the center of curvature
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Focal length- the distance from the mirror to the focal point

<span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__a.__ the object is located beyond the center of curvature (C) <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__b.__ the object is located at the center of curvature (C) <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__c.__ the object is located between the center of curvature (C) and the focal point (F) <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__d.__ the object is located at the focal point (F)
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Reduced
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Less than 1
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Real
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Stays the same
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">converge
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">inverted
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">real
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">enlarged
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">converging

<span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__e.__ the object is located in front of the focal point (F)
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">No image formed
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Upright Image
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Enlarged Image
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Virtual Image
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Diverging Image

<span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**8. Convex mirrors** <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**2** rules to convex mirrors: <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__a.__ //incident// rays traveling towards a convex mirror where its extension passes through the focal point, will reflect and travel parallel to the principle axis. <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__b.__ convex mirrors are sometimes referred to as a //diverging// mirror because the incident light originating from the same point will //reflect off of// the mirror surface and //diverge.// When you look at the diagram, the reflections go in all different directions.


 * 1) <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Ray diagrams for convex mirrors**
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Pick a point on the top of an object and draw rays going towards the mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Reflect them
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Locate and mark the image of the top of the object
 * 1) <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Convex mirror characteristics**
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">located behind the convex mirror
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">a virtual image
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">an upright image
 * <span style="color: #ff0044; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">reduced in size