Lesson+39+&+40

**﻿Advancememt in Physics @ Dwight Englewood** **Director: Elise Burns** **TA: Sebastian Luhol**

Electric fields .. ?
 * a region of space in which another charged object experiences an electromagnetic force
 * experiencing change or //test charge//
 * electric field strength= //electrostatic force/test charge//
 * Law of electric charge- Benjamin franklin
 * Same charges repel opposite charges attract
 * Only can be transferred

__**All**__ material objects are composed of atoms. The material objects are composed of atoms and molecules of elements and compounds giving different materials different electrical properties.

Atoms contains a nucleus and a region of space outside the nucleus. Electrons can be found in the region outside of the nucleus. They are negatively charged and weakly bound to the atom. The nucleus has positively charged protons and neutral neutrons. They are not removable. If they were to be removed there must be a high-energy nuclear occurrence to disturb the nucleus and dislodge its positively charged protons.
 * 1. Proton **
 * In nucleus
 * Tightly Bound
 * Positive Charge
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Massive
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">2. Neutron **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">In nucleus
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Tightly Bound
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">No Charge
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Massive
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">3. Electron **
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Outside nucleus
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Weakly Bound
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Negative Charge
 * <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Not very massive


 * //<span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Quick Facts: //**
 * 1) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Positively charged particle possesses more protons than electrons
 * 2) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Negatively charged particle possesses more electrons than protons
 * 3) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Uncharged particle has equal numbers of protons and electrons.
 * 4) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Repulsive forces move away from the nature of mutual interaction
 * 5) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Like charges repel
 * 6) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Attractive forces go towards each other of the mutual reaction
 * 7) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Conductors are materials that permit electrons to flow **//easily//** from atom to atom and molecule to molecule
 * 8) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Insulators are materials that slow down the**//easy//** flow of electrons from atom to atom and molecule to molecule
 * 9) <span style="color: #ff0055; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Particles of the insulator do not allow the **//easy//** flow of electrons